Child Soldier Relief

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Information, research, news, resources for and about child soldiers

Too Young to Fight: A review of the laws that protect child soldiers and children in armed conflict

A CSR Special Report

Kate Davey Director of Research Projects

Sarah Pierce Legal Intern and Director of Outreach, Development and Communication

Children have been used as tools of war throughout history, serving not only as foot soldiers on the front line, but also as spies, porters and sexual slaves. Lawmakers and human rights organizations generally recognize the following from the 1997 Capetown Principles as the standard for defining a child soldier: “a child soldier is any person under 18 years of age who is part of any kind of regular or irregular armed force or armed group in any capacity, including but not limited to cooks, porters, messengers and anyone accompanying such groups, other than family members. The definition includes girls recruited for sexual purposes and for forced marriage. It does not, therefore, only refer to a child who is carrying or has carried arms.”

Read more…


Filed under: Educational, Human Rights, Intl Criminal Ct, Laws, Treaties , , ,

CSR interviews playwright Sean Christopher Lewis

Child Soldier Relief’s Kate Davey caught up with playwright Sean Christopher Lewis in New York City this week about his new play The Aperture.
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Kate Davey (KD): One of the things that I was interested to know was what intrigued you about this topic and what inspired you to write about this?

Sean Christopher Lewis (SCL): Basically, I started writing it right around the time that Dave Eggers’s book came out, “What Is the What” and at the same time Ishmael Beah’s book had just come out and Decent Donation had come out and there had been a big article in The New York Times about it.

It just seemed that suddenly that there was a rush of materials and specifically artistic materials about the subject matter.  I just thought there was something interesting and fascinating about that part of it—about not only our attraction to tragedy and to genocide, our obvious human interest in it, but then the marketing and merchandising of that. Like the necessity of it becoming art, but also what does that mean or entail in a larger scope? What happens when it starts really becoming a massive marketed thing?
 
KD: The photographer [in The Aperture] is interested in supporting the greater good and she thinks she’s doing that [even though she’s hurting the former child soldier she is photographing] so how do you think that everything that you just spoke about–Hollywood’s interpretation of child soldiers–impacts the greater good? Or do you think it does?

SCL: It’s such a massive topic and so incredibly important. And just child soldiers in general, I think when you talk about it people assume or go towards Africa when they think of child soldiers, but it’s such a more prevalent problem than that. I mean it’s huge in Africa, but it’s not isolated to Africa.

I think it’s something that really does need exposure and consistent exposure because I think we’re in such a stimulus-based culture it’s really easy to forget about things. So I think the exposure level is really great.

I think sometimes what I get worried about or frustrated with … is as a consuming public we like things to be wrapped up. You know when we go to a movie we want it to end in a way we feel fulfilled … The problem is this is a story that doesn’t have an ending right now and it’s really difficult and hard. What I worry about if you make the art about such a topic easy to deal with and easy to digest then I feel like it doesn’t actually end up doing what I think the imagine the artists are hoping it to do, which is to, I think, create some level of action and or understanding about the problem … Great art can really activate people to make change, but it’s hard to make great art.

KD:  Is that why you set up the play the way you did? Not in chronological order?

SCL: It jumps around a good amount … Part of it was that … it was so hard for me to understand and I find for audiences to understand at times because we don’t have the same connection of what’s going on in Africa. It’s hard for us to understand the extent to how violent and insane the action is there of people being taken at night and the night commuting of children going across towns just trying to find some rest. And the idea of children running around with machine guns and rocket launchers—this is insane–in the United States this is crazy. So part of it jumping around was putting people in the situation where they could see how we don’t fully understand it because it’s absurd here. The idea of some kids running around Baltimore with rocket launcher and taking over buses and becoming a real threat to a city or state government is not a possibility here … I wanted to make something that you watched and experienced, but you experienced not by being told this is what’s going on over there … I wanted people to see it happen.

KD: What is your ideal hope for your plays? Greater activism in child soldiers? Greater awareness?

SCL: I think the awareness leads to the activism … the conversations we’ve been having with the audience after the play have been great … It’s hard to watch horrible things happen to people that you don’t think deserve it, but that’s what’s happening.  What I’ve been wrestling with is getting it to the audiences. It’s a hard sell … what I’ve been doing is trying to connect with groups like Child Soldier Relief to try to move the play even out of the theaters to get them to audiences that will interact … I want conversations to happen.

Filed under: Educational, Media/TV/Films , , , ,

A primer on DDR for child soldiers

…we’ve posted many articles and facts on disarmament, demobilization and rehabilitation (DDR) for child soldiers on this blog, but not enough can be said about the importance of proper treatment programs for former child soldiers to ensure a productive life and a return to mainstream society.  

Long term and follow-up treatment is essential for DDR to work:

  • From Coalition to Stop the Use of Child Soldiers: “Demobilization, disarmament and reintegration (DDR) programs specifically aimed at child soldiers have been established in many countries, both during and after armed conflict and have assisted former child soldiers to acquire new skills and return to their communities. However, the programs lack funds and adequate resources. Sustained long-term investment is needed if they are to be effective.”  
  • From Jesuit Refugee Service: “[Programs need to] establish long term follow up to accompany children after they leave the centre. It would certainly make sense to visit more regularly those children who have reintegrated into their communities, and especially to assist those who have started their own revenue-generating activities. This aspect is completely neglected by the operational framework when in fact it is the measure of the success of the undertaking. Follow up of this kind requires substantial financial means, due to the cost of travelling in a region without roads and where infrastructure has been destroyed by years of conflict. Nonetheless the expense, although considerable, is justifiable and should definitely be funded to ensure real efficiency in the reintegration aspect of the DDR programme.”
  • From the United Nations DDR Center: “Reintegration is the process by which ex-combatants acquire civilian status and gain sustainable employment and income. Reintegration is essentially a social and economic process with an open time-frame, primarily taking place in communities at the local level. It is part of the general development of a country and a national responsibility, and often necessitates long-term external assistance.”
  • More postings on this topic: 

  • DDR – Disarmament, demobilization and reintegration programs need long term support and funding
  • Back to the topic of reintegration; stigmatization faced by former child soldiers
  • Key concerns with DDR (disarmament, demobilization and reintegration) programs
  • “Are reintegration programs still needed years after a war is over?”
  • Filed under: DDR, Educational, Treatment Centers , , , , , , ,

    Invisible Children Rally and Symposium in DC: Schedule for Today

    AGENDA

    Today Lobby Day Schedule – Tuesday, June 23rd:

    Location: Upper Senate Park – Delaware Ave NE & Constitution Ave NE

    8 – 9:30am:  Opening session/final training
    10am – 1pm:  Senate meetings
    1pm – 5pm:  House meetings
    5 – 8pm:   Closing rally @ Ellipse Between the National Mall and the White House

    Invisible Children is throwing a rally on the white house lawn, June 23rd, from 4-9pm. Come out and see a handful of amazing bands and help support their efforts in ending Africa’s longest running war.

    Previous Day Events – Monday, June 22nd:

    The first day of How It Ends brought together thousands of people together at the DC Convention Center to listen and learn from leading conflict experts, activists, and the US Government officials who have been tasked with resolving this conflict. From start to finish, this day will be jam-packed with VIPs who have a lot to say about what can be done to stop Joseph Kony and rescue his child soldiers.

    Walter E. Washington Convention Center
    801 Mount Vernon Place, NW
    Washington, DC 20001

    8:15- 8:45: Registration & Check-in
    9:00-9:45: Premiere of “The Rescue” follow-up film/introduction by Jason, Laren & Bobby

    9:50-10:10: Opening remarks from ICC Prosecutor Luis Moreno-Ocampo

    10:15-10:35: Keynote State Department Representative

    10:40-12:1:0 Keynote Panel – John Prendergast, Stephen Lewis, Morris Ogenga Latigo, Crispus Kayonga

    12:20-1:35: Break out #1
    The War Room
    Effective Activism

    1:50-3:05: Break out #2
    The War Room
    The Future of Development

    3:20-4:35 Break out #3
    The War Room
    Unlearning Culture

    4:40-5:55 Lobby Training
    6:00-6:30 – Closing Remarks

    Filed under: Educational, Media/TV/Films, Music, Uganda , , , , , ,

    New Report: Conflict Minerals in Cell Phones Perpetuating Use of Child soldiers

    The GrassRoots Reconciliation Group, a non-profit dedicated to bringing together “local community members and ex-child soldiers of the LRA who have escaped from rebel captivity,” has co-written a report with the Enough Project linking the demand for cell phones and other electronic products made with conflict minerals and the ongoing conflict in the Congo.  Says GRG Executive Director Sasha Lezhnev:

    There are still over 3,500 child soldiers fighting in eastern Congo, abducted by militias that have gotten rich from a lucrative trade in conflict minerals.  Electronics companies need to play an important role in cleaning up their supply chains and help stop the continued use of child soldiers.

    According to the report, the “electronics industry is the principal end user of the four main minerals mined in eastern Congo,” and “profit maximizing pressures from the electronics industry have driven demand for Congo’s conflict minerals, produced cheaply as a result of the medieval conditions in which they are mined and the illicit networks that funnel them out of Africa.”

    drc20mining12

    Mark Craemer – Armed groups in Congo earn over $130 million
    per year from the trade.

    The strategy paper makes a number of recommendations: first, that industries trace and audit their supply-chains for these minerals, by tracing “3Ts and gold in their products down to the mine of origin”; that mines be properly secured; and that miners are supported and provided with additional economic alternatives; and reforming governance structures.

    GRG and Enough are calling on companies and individuals to sign the Conflict Minerals Pledge which includes concrete steps to make electronic devices conflict-free.

    Filed under: Congo, Educational , , , , , , ,

    …Invisible Children hosting awareness event on April 25…

    …where they will be “abducting” themselves in several cities around the world in an effort to promote awareness about the child victims of war in uganda, thousands of which have been abducted by the LRA and forced to fight.  About the event:

    citizens across the world will “abduct themselves” in 100 cities in nine different countries. The purpose of the event is to gain the attention of the media and celebrities. Participants will wait to be “rescued” by these prominent figures, just as the child soldiers are waiting to be rescued from the LRA.

    Filed under: Educational, Human Rights, Uganda

    alerts

    key issue areas

    Media, TV, Films
    • Interviews, clips, reviews, list of films
    Girl Soldiers
    • Success stories, DDR, Taylor and Lubanga trial testimonies
    Uganda: Lord’s Resistance Army, LRA
    • Reports, Events, Media relating to the LRA
    Demobilization, Disarmament, Rehabilitation
    • Rehabilitation centers, treatment, mental health

    legal topics

    The Lubanga Trial
    • Reports and updates on the Thomas Lubanga Trial
    Laws and Treaties relating to child soldiers
    • Laws, treaties and other relevant documents
    Recent Legal Decisions, Laws, Rulings
    • Convictions, arrests and legal decisions, treaties, laws
    The Charles Taylor Trial
    • Reports and updates on the Charles Taylor Trial